Technology / Television (TV) Glossary

Hiatus: Period in a campaign when an advertiser's schedule is suspended for a short period of time, after which the schedule resumes.

High Angle: A shot in which the camera is placed higher than the filmed actor or object, so that the camera looks down on the actor or object.

High Definition Television (HDTV): The generally agreed upon definition of HDTV is approximately twice the vertical and horizontal picture resolution of today's NTSC TV, which essentially makes the picture twice as sharp. HDT . . . View Full Definition

High Definition Television (HDTV) Resolution: 720p - The picture is 1280x720 pixels, sent at 60 complete frames per second. 1080i - The picture is 1920x1080 pixels, sent at 60 interlaced frames per second (30 complete frames per second) . . . View Full Definition

High-Key Lighting: A lighting style in which the ratio in intensity of key light to fill light is small. The result is an evenly lit set, with a low contrast between the bright and dark areas of the set.

Historical World (Historical Reality): The reality that is processed, selected, ordered, and interpreted by nonfiction television programs.

Horizonal Sync Frequency: The number of times per the number of times per electron beam can trace a pattern like this

Horizontal Frequency: The inverse of the time it takes for a monitor to scan from the beginning of one line to the beginning of the next line: typically stated in kilohertz.

Households Using Television (HUT): The percentage of all television households in a survey area with one or more sets in use during a specific time period.

Hue: A specific color from within the visible spectrum of white light: e.g., red, green, blue.

Hypercardioid Microphone: A highly unidirectional microphone, for which the pickup pattern is narrower than that of a cardioid microphone. So-called 'shotgun' microphones have a hypercardioid pattern.

Hypodermic Needle Theory: An effects theory which purports that the viewer is passive, and directly and immediately affected by what he/she sees on television.

I-O: Input/output. Typically refers to sending information or data signals to and from devices. Often used in referring to video/audio component connections.

Icon: Generally speaking, an object that represents a theme or an aspect of the character or the like. In the specific context of semiotics, a type of sign, wherein the signifier physically resemb . . . View Full Definition

Iconography: The objects that signify character and themes of the narrative.

Ideological Criticism: An area of television criticism, concerned with class and gender representation, that studies society's competing discourses and the position of the individual within society.

IEEE 1394 (Firewire): A digital interface developed by the IEEE 1394 working group. Transports data at 100, 200, or 400 Mbps. Can be used to connect digital television devices together. IEEE 1394 data transfer ca . . . View Full Definition

Illusion Of Depth: The ability of the two-dimensional television image to create an illusion whereby space seems to recede into the image. A telephoto lens creates a small illusion of depth and a wide-angle le . . . View Full Definition

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