Science / Chemistry Glossary

Ion Exchange: Ion exchange is a method of separating ions from a solution by reversibly binding them onto a resin that has charged sites on its surface. Ion exchangers are used to remove metal ions from d . . . View Full Definition

Ionic Bond: An attraction between ions of opposite charge. Potassium bromide consists of potassium ions (K+) ionically bound to bromide ions (Br-). Unlike covalent bonds, ionic bond formation involves t . . . View Full Definition

Ionic Compound: A compound made of distinguishable cations and anions, held together by electrostatic forces.

Ionic Dissociation: When ionic substances dissolve, their ions are surrounded by solvent molecules and separated from each other. This phenomena is also called ionization.

Ionic Equation: An ionic equation is a balanced chemical equation in which strong electrolytes are written as dissociated ions. For example, Ag+(aq) + NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) = agcl(s) + Na+(aq) + NO3- . . . View Full Definition

Ionic Radius: The radii of anions and cations in crystalline ionic compounds, as determined by consistently partitioning the center-to-center distance of ions in those compounds.

Ionization Energy: The energy needed to remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion.

Isobar: 1. A contour line that corresponds to values measured at identical pressures. For example, curves on a plot of gas volumes measured at different temperatures in an open container are isobars . . . View Full Definition

Isobaric: Having constant pressure.

Isochore: A contour line that corresponds to values measured at identical volumes. For example, a curve on a plot of gas pressure measured at different temperatures in a rigid container is an isochore.

Isochoric: Having constant volume.

Isoelectronic: Refers to a group of atoms or ions having the same number of electrons. For example, F-, Ne, and Na+ are isoelectronic.

Isoleucine: A naturally occuring amino acid with a nonpolar side chain.

Isomer: Molecules with identical molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

Isomerization: A chemical change that involves a rearrangement of atoms and bonds within a molecule, without changing the molecular formula.

Isosteric: Having identical valence electron configurations.

Isotherm: A contour line that corresponds to values measured at identical temperatures. For example, curves on a plot of gas pressure measured at different volumes in a constant temperature bath are isotherms.

Isothermal: Having constant temperature.

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