Business / Machine Shop Glossary

Solder: The metal or alloy used as a filler metal in soldering, which has a liquidus not exceeding 840ºF (450ºC) and below the solidus of the base metal.

Solid Square: A very accurate try square in which a steel blade is set firmly into a solid, rectangular-shaped handle so that each edge of the blade makes an angle of exactly 90º with the inner face (side . . . View Full Definition

Spheroidizing: A stress relieving method of long-term heating of high-carbon steel at or near the lower transformation temperature, followed by slow cooling to room temperature.

Spindle: A rotating device widely used in machine tools such as lathes, milling machines, drill presses and so forth, to hold the cutting tools or the work and to give them their rotation.

Spindle Speed: The RPM at which a machine is set.

Spot Facing: Finishing a bearing surface around the top of a hole.

Spring Dividers: Dividers whose legs are held together at the hinged end by the pressure of a C-shaped spring.

Spur Gear: A gear with teeth parallel to the axis of the shaft on which it is mounted.

Square Surface: A surface at a right angle with another surface.

Square Threads: A thread having a depth, width and space between threads that are equal. It is used on heavy jack screws, vise screws and other similar items.

Steady Rest: A support that is clamped to the bed of a lathe used when machining a long workpiece. Sometimes called a center rest. percentages of other alloying elements.

Steel: A material composed primarily of iron, less than 2% carbon and (in an alloy steel) small

Step Block: A fixture designed like a series step to provide support at various heights required for setups.

Stock: A term for the materials used to make parts in a machine tool. Also, the die stock used for threading dies.

Stop: A device attached to a machine tool to limit the travel of the worktable and sometimes the work head.

Straddle Milling: A milling setup where two side milling cutters are spaced on an arbor to machine two parallel surfaces with a single cut.

Surface Grinding: The process of grinding flat surfaces on a surface grinding machine. With special setups, angular and form surfaces may also be ground.

Surface Plate: An accurately machined and scraped flat metal piece (usually of cast iron) used to check the flatness of surfaces.

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