Business / Finance Glossary

10-K: Annual report required by the SEC each year. Provides a comprehensive overview of a company's state of business. Must be filed within 90 days after fiscal year-end. A 10-Q report is filed quarterly.

10-Q: Quarterly report required by the SEC each quarter. Provides a comprehensive overview of a company's state of business.

1040 Form: The standard individual tax return form of the IRS.

1099: A statement sent to the IRS and taxpayers by the payers of dividends and interest and by issuers of taxable original issue discount securities.

12B-1 Fees: The percent of a mutual fund's assets used to defray marketing and distribution expenses. The amount of the fee is stated in the fund's prospectus. The SEC has recently proposed that 12B-1 f . . . View Full Definition

12B-1 Funds: Mutual funds that do not charge an up-front or back-end commission, but instead take out up to 1.25% of average daily fund assets each year to cover the costs of selling and marketing shares . . . View Full Definition

144 Stock: Used in the context of general equities. Restricted stock.

19c3 Stock: A stock listed on a national securities exchange after April 26, 1979, that is exempt from the Securities and Exchange Commission rule that prohibits exchange members from participating in o . . . View Full Definition

48-Hour Rule: PSA Unifor Practices requirement that all pool information in a to be announced (T.B.A.) transaction be communicated by the seller to the buyer before 3 p.m. EST on the business day 48 hours . . . View Full Definition

A: Fifth letter of a Nasdaq stock symbol specifying Class A shares.

A-D: Advance-Decline, or measurement of the number of issues trading above their previous closing prices less the number trading below their previous closing prices over a particular period. As a . . . View Full Definition

Abandonment: Controlling party giving up rights to property voluntarily.

Abandonment Option: The option of terminating an investment earlier than originally planned.

ABC Agreement: A contract between an employee and a brokerage firm outlining the rights of the firm purchasing an NYSE membership for that employee.

Ability To Pay: Refers to the borrower's ability to make interest and principal payments on debts. See: Fixed charge coverage ratio. In context of municipal bonds, refers to the issuer's present and future . . . View Full Definition

Abnormal Returns: The component of the return that is not due to systematic influences (market-wide influences). In other words, abnormal returns are above those predicted by the market movement alone. Relate . . . View Full Definition

Absolute Priority: Rule in bankruptcy proceedings requiring senior creditors to be paid in full before junior creditors receive any payment.

Absorbed: Used in context of general equities. Securities are 'absorbed' as long as there are corresponding orders to buy and sell. The market has reached the absorption point when further assimilatio . . . View Full Definition

Abusive Tax Shelter: A limited partnership that the IRS judges to be claiming tax deductions illegally.

Accelerated Cost Recovery System (ACRS): Schedule of depreciation rates allowed for tax purposes.

Accelerated Depreciation: Any depreciation method that produces larger deductions for depreciation in the early years of a asset's life. Accelerated cost recovery system (ACRS), which is a depreciation schedule allow . . . View Full Definition

Acceleration Clause: A contract stating that the unpaid balance becomes due and payable if specific actions transpire, such as failure to make interests payments on time.

Acceptance: Contractual agreement instigated when the drawee of a time draft 'accepts' the draft by writing the word 'accepted' thereon. The drawee assumes responsibility as the acceptor and for payment . . . View Full Definition

Accommodative Monetary Policy: Federal Reserve System policy to increase the amount of money available to banks for lending. See: Monetary policy.

Account: In the context of bookkeeping, refers to the ledger pages upon which various assets, liabilities, income, and expenses are represented. In the context of investment banking, refers to the st . . . View Full Definition

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