Business / Agriculture Glossary

NEC: The White House National Economic Council, which in 1998 began examining some aspects of mergers in various U.S. industries: agricultural interests in 1998 and early 1999 were seeking to inc . . . View Full Definition

NEPA Analysis: Analyses conducted during the preparation of documents required under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1970, particularly environmental assessments and environmental impact statements.

Net Cash Income: A farm’s actual cash receipts and expenses in a given year, regardless of the year the goods sold were produced. In general, it serves as an indicator of the short-term financial condition o . . . View Full Definition

Net Farm Income: The return (both monetary and non-monetary) to farm operators for their labor, management and capital, after all production expenses have been paid (that is, gross farm income minus producti . . . View Full Definition

Net Income (Food Stamps): As relates to the food stamp program, net monthly income is an amount calculated for each food stamp household that, together with its size, effectively determines its food stamp benefit. It . . . View Full Definition

Net Pen Culture: A type of aquaculture where fish remain captive throughout their lives in marine pens built from nets, used by the salmon industry.

New Zealand Dairy Board (NZDB): The New Zealand Dairy Board is a quasi- government corporation that was explicitly created by New Zealand statute to purchase all New Zealand dairy products that are manufactured for export. . . . View Full Definition

Nitrate: The nitrogen ion, NO3-, is derived from nitric acid and is an important source of nitrogen in fertilizers. Nitrate pollution of drinking water, shallow wells being particularly vulnerable, i . . . View Full Definition

Nitrogen: An element found in the air and in all plant and animal tissues. For many crops, nitrogen fertilizer is essential for economic yields. However, nitrogen can also be a pollutant when nitrogen . . . View Full Definition

No Net Cost: A provision requiring that a price support program be operated at no cost to the federal government. The No-Net-Cost Tobacco Act of 1982 required the participants in the 1982 and subsequent . . . View Full Definition

No Net Cost Tobacco Act Of 1982: P.L. 97-218 (July 20, 1982) required that the tobacco price support program operate at no net cost to taxpayers, other than for the administrative expenses common to all price support progra . . . View Full Definition

No Net Loss Wetlands Policy: An overall policy goal for wetland protection first adopted by the Bush Administration, and more recently by the Clinton Administration. The goal is to halt the decline in the overall number . . . View Full Definition

No Observable Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL): From long-term toxicological studies of agricultural chemical active ingredients, levels which indicate a safe, lifetime exposure level. Used in setting pesticide residue tolerances.

No-Till Farming: A method of planting crops that involves no seed bed preparation other than opening the soil to place individual seeds in holes or small slits: usually no cultivation during crop production: . . . View Full Definition

Non-Program Crops: Any agricultural commodity not covered by federal commodity programs. Program crops are wheat, corn, barley, grain sorghum, oats, upland cotton, and rice.

Non-Road Emissions: Pollutants emitted by non-road engines and non-road vehicles, e.g., farm and construction equipment, gasoline-powered lawn and garden equipment, and power boats and outboard motors. The Clea . . . View Full Definition

Nonbasic Commodities: Commodities other than basic commodities for which USDA is authorized to provide price support in permanent law. This includes soybeans and other oilseeds, milk, sugar beets, and sugarcane.

Noncompetitive Imports: A term used by the Economic Research Service in its reporting of agricultural trade statistics to refer to imports of commodities not produced in the United States. Commodities such as tea, . . . View Full Definition

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