Business / Agriculture Glossary

Field Office Technical Guide: A manual placed in all Natural Resources Conservation Service district offices and field service centers that gives the technical specifications and guidelines for all approved conservation . . . View Full Definition

Field Service Agency: Generally refers to any one of the following USDA agencies that administer programs and provide services to farmers and other rural residents through an extensive network of state and local . . . View Full Definition

Field Service Center: A centralized location for a variety of USDA agency field offices. These have been reduced in number from about 3,700 to about 2,600 through closures and consolidations initiated as part of . . . View Full Definition

Filter Strip: An area of vegetation, generally narrow and long, that slows the rate of runoff, allowing sediments, organic matter, and other pollutants that are being conveyed by the water to be removed. . . . View Full Definition

Findley Payments: Under the so-called Findley Provision authorized by the Food Security Act of 1985 (and first sponsored by former Congressman Paul Findley), USDA was able to reduce the basic, formula-set non . . . View Full Definition

Fire Ants: A South American stinging ant that has become established in southern states from North Carolina to Texas. The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service quarantines nursery products from af . . . View Full Definition

Fish And Wildlife Service (FWS): FWS, in the Department of the Interior, is the federal agency charged with managing and protecting the nation’s wild plants and animals, including endangered and threatened species. It gener . . . View Full Definition

Fish Farming: Usually, freshwater commercial aquaculture: catfish farms are an example.

Flex Acreage: The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 mandated that deficiency payments not be made on 15% of a farm’s crop acreage base, called normal flex acres. The acreage could be planted to an . . . View Full Definition

Flood Risk Reduction Program: Provides for contracts for producers on farms that have contract acreage under Title I of the FAIR Act of 1996 that are frequently flooded. Individuals can receive up to 95% of transition pa . . . View Full Definition

Flow To Market: A quantity provision in a fruit or vegetable marketing order that does not change the total quantity that can be marketed during a season, but rather controls the rate or time period that qu . . . View Full Definition

Flue-Cured Tobacco: A type of cigarette tobacco, it and burley tobacco account for more than 90% of U.S. tobacco production. Flue-cured tobacco production is limited by national marketing quotas and acreage all . . . View Full Definition

Fluid Differential: In federal milk marketing orders, the Class I differential is the amount added to the basic formula price to determine a region’s minimum price for milk used for fluid (drinking) purposes.

Fluid Milk Processor Promotion Program: A national program authorized by the Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990 (Fluid Act) with the purpose of increasing consumption of milk and dairy products and reducing milk surpluses by develop . . . View Full Definition

Fluid Milk Promotion Act Of 1990: This is the designation given to Subtitle H of Title XIX of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990. Subtitle H authorized the establishment of a national milk processor c . . . View Full Definition

Foliar Nutrient: Any liquid substance applied directly to the foliage of a growing plant for the purpose of delivering an essential nutrient in an immediately available form.

Food Additives: Any substance or mixture of substances other than the basic foodstuff present in a food as a result of any phase of production, processing, packaging, storage, transport or handling. USDA al . . . View Full Definition

Food Agriculture Conservation And Trade Act Of 1990 (FACT): P.L. 101-624 (November 28, 1990) was a 5-year omnibus farm bill. It continued to move agriculture in a market-oriented direction by freezing target prices and allowing more planting flexibil . . . View Full Definition

Food Aid Consultative Group: A group created by the FACT Act of 1990 to review and address issues concerning the effectiveness of regulations and procedures that govern U.S. food aid programs. The FAIR Act of 1996 exten . . . View Full Definition

Food And Agricultural Act Of 1965: P.L. 89-321 (November 3, 1965) was the first multi-year farm legislation, providing for 4-year commodity programs for wheat, feed grains, and upland cotton. It was extended for 1 more year, . . . View Full Definition

Food And Agriculture Act Of 1977: P.L. 95-113 (September 9, 1977) was an omnibus farm bill. It increased price and income supports and established a farmer-owned reserve for grain. It also established a new two-tiered pricin . . . View Full Definition

Food And Agriculture Councils (Facs): These councils were instituted in 1982 by USDA to function as interagency coordinating groups on three levels: national, state, and local. The state facs are composed of senior level officia . . . View Full Definition

Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United Nations (FAO): A UN organization, founded in 1945, that collects and disseminates information about world agriculture. FAO also provides technical assistance to developing countries in agricultural product . . . View Full Definition

Food And Drug Administration (FDA): An agency within the Public Health Service of the Department of Health and Human Services. FDA is a public health agency, charged with protecting consumers by enforcing the Federal Food, Dru . . . View Full Definition

Food And Fiber System: That sector of the U.S. economy that includes agricultural production and all economic activities supporting or utilizing that production, including farm machinery and chemical production, a . . . View Full Definition

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