Osmosis: The movement of pure water across a membrane from a compartment with relatively low dissolved ions to a compartment with higher concentrations of dissolved ions

 

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Osmosis: Diffusion of water molecules across a membrane in response to differences in solute concentration. Water moves from areas of high-water/low-solute concentration to areas of low-water/high-so . . . View Full Definition

Reverse Osmosis: Solvent molecules flow spontaneously from a dilute solution through a semipermeable membrane to a more concentrated solution (osmosis). In reverse osmosis, pressure is applied to the more co . . . View Full Definition

Chemiosmosis: The process by which ATP is produced in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. The electron transport system transfers protons from the inner compartment to the outer; as the protons flow ba . . . View Full Definition

Osmotic Pressure: Pressure generated by water moving by osmosis into or out of a cell.

Mitochondria: Self-replicating membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles in most eukaryotic cells that complete the breakdown of glucose, producing NADH and ATP (singular term: mitochondrion). The powerhouse . . . View Full Definition

Osmoregulation: The regulation of the movement of water by osmosis into and out of cells; the maintenance of water balance within the body.

Chloroplasts: Disk-like organelles with a double membrane found in eukaryotic plant cells; contain thylakoids and are the site of photosynthesis. ATP is generated during photosynthesis by chemiosmosis.