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Enzymes: Protein molecules that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions.

Restriction Enzymes: A series of enzymes that attach to DNA molecules at specific nucleotide sequences and cut both strands of DNA at those sites. A bacterial enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific recognition seque . . . View Full Definition

Coenzymes: Chemicals required by a number of enzymes for proper functioning; also known as enzyme cofactors.

Hemagglutinin: One of the enzymes found on the surface of the Influenza virus. It is responsible for binding the virus to the cell that is being infected.

Neuraminidase: One of the enzymes found on the surface of the Influenza virus. It promotes the release of progeny viruses from infected cells.

Wet-Processed Coffee: Coffee prepared by removing the skin and pulp from the bean while the coffee fruit is still moist. Most of the world's great coffees are processed by the wet method, which generally intensif . . . View Full Definition

Lock And Key Model: A model that explains the role of enzymes in chemical reactions by assuming that the reactants fit into the enzyme like a key fits into a lock.

Free Radical: A free radical is a molecule with an odd number of electrons. Free radicals do not have a completed octet and often undergo vigorous redox reactions. Free radicals produced within cells can . . . View Full Definition

Endonuclease Restriction Enzyme: A protein that recognizes specific, short nucleotide sequences and cuts dna at those sites. Bacteria contain over 400 such enzymes that recognize and cut more than 100 different dna sequences.

Zymase: Enzymes present in yeast that catalyze fermentation of sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.